Glossary
Bio-oil: Fuel produced from forestry residues (branches and leaves). It is mainly used for heating and electricity generation.
Brazil’s Innovation Law (Lei do Bem): Law 11,196 of 2005 aims to encourage technological innovation and scientific research by reducing the tax burden of eligible companies that invest in technology.
Crude tall oil (CTO): Oil generated during the production of pine pulp, derived from the resin of this species. It is used in the lime kiln at the Ortigueira Plant in Paraná as a substitute for fossil fuels, while the surplus is sold.
Double materiality: Klabin’s double materiality process brings together material topics that are relevant to the Company and its stakeholders from two perspectives. The first is impact materiality, that is, how the Company’s activities impact society and the environment. The second perspective is financial materiality, which refers to how sustainability topics generate a financial effect on organizations.
Ecosystem services: Ecosystem services are the direct and indirect benefits that humans obtain from nature, such as climate regulation, water purification, pollination, biological control and the production of natural resources, among others. These services sustain life and human well-being, forest productivity and the viability of businesses themselves.
IFRS-S2: The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are developed by an independent body called the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). IFRS-S2, in particular, establishes requirements for the disclosure of information on climate-related risks and opportunities.
Liability management: A financial strategy used by companies and institutions to optimize their debt profile, extend maturities, reduce financial costs (interest) and improve liquidity.
Lignin: Natural polymer present in the cells that make up wood. It is responsible for giving plants strength and can be used in the manufacture of adhesives and rubber, for example. One recent successful case involves the use of lignin as an antioxidant in rubber manufacturing.
Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC): Highly refined cellulose capable of increasing the strength of various materials. It can be used in the production of specialty papers and construction materials, in the textile and cosmetics industries, and in the production of industrial formulations.
Phishing: A type of cyberattack that may use emails, text messages, phone calls, or fraudulent websites to induce individuals to share confidential data or download malicious software, for example.
Potassium sulfate: Chemical compound used as fertilizer. At Klabin, it is produced from the treatment of ash generated in the recovery boiler and derived from the wood that supplies the operations. The Company uses part of it and sells the surplus.
Recovery boiler: A recovery boiler is an essential piece of equipment in pulp production, responsible for processing black liquor, a byproduct generated during wood cooking and composed of pulping chemicals and wood constituents that are not used in the production of pulp and paper. It enables the recovery of chemicals and also generates high-temperature, high-pressure steam. This steam is used to produce renewable energy and, later, at lower temperature and pressure, is reused in process stages that require thermal energy, such as wood cooking, black liquor concentration and paper drying.
Shipments: Refers to the volume of corrugated cardboard sent to customers.
Smart Project: This initiative is focused on modernizing processes, systems and employee training at Klabin as part of its technological transformation.
Somatic embryogenesis: In vitro cloning technique that enables the formation of embryos from somatic cells, i.e., the cells that make up most of the plant body and are not reproductive cells (gametes) or germ cells. This technique allows the production of a large number of embryos in a limited space.
Sulfuric acid: Acid composed of sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen, widely used in industry. The Ortigueira site in Paraná has a plant that transforms gases generated during wood cooking into this chemical compound. Part of the acid is used by Klabin itself in its production line and the surplus is sold.
Sustainability-Linked Bonds (SLBs): These are internationally traded fixed-income securities with a focus on sustainability. Through this instrument, companies raising funds commit to achieving environmental, social and governance targets.
Sustainability-Linked Loans (SLLs): This is a financing line granted by private entities to companies. As with SLBs, the company commits to achieving environmental, social and governance targets.
Paris Agreement: The Paris Agreement is an international treaty adopted in 2015 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which entered into force in 2016. Its main objective is to keep the increase in global average temperature well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, while pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C, through Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), transparency mechanisms and periodic cycles to strengthen climate ambition.
Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures: The Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) is a global initiative that provides recommendations and guidance for organizations to report on their approach to nature-related dependencies, impacts, risks and financial opportunities.
TCFD: Created by the Financial Stability Board (FSB) to develop recommendations on the disclosure of climate-related risks and opportunities, the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) seeks to increase financial transparency for investors, focusing on governance, strategy, risk management and metrics.
TNFD Adopter: By incorporating the recommendations of this framework, organizations can improve risk management and provide greater visibility into financial opportunities related to biodiversity, land use, water use, and climate change.
Turpentine: Derived from pine trees, this chemical product can be used in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries. Turpentine is also considered a renewable fuel.
